What Are Dark Spots, Really?
Dark spots — also called hyperpigmentation or post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) — form when melanin (the pigment that gives skin its colour) is overproduced in a localised area. This can be triggered by sun exposure, acne, hormonal changes, or skin injury. The result: patches that are darker than your surrounding skin tone.
The good news? Glycolic acid is one of the most well-researched ingredients for addressing them.
How Glycolic Acid Works on Dark Spots
Glycolic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugarcane. It has the smallest molecular size of all AHAs, which means it penetrates the skin deeply and efficiently. Here's what it does:
- Breaks down the bonds between dead skin cells — Glycolic acid dissolves the 'glue' holding dead, pigmented cells on the surface, allowing them to shed faster.
- Accelerates cell turnover — By speeding up the skin's natural renewal cycle, it brings fresh, evenly pigmented cells to the surface more quickly.
- Inhibits melanin transfer — At higher concentrations, glycolic acid can interfere with the transfer of melanin from melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) to surrounding skin cells.
- Stimulates collagen production — This improves overall skin texture and reduces the appearance of acne scars alongside dark spots.
What Concentration Should You Use?
Concentration matters. Here's a quick guide:
- 6% Glycolic Acid — Ideal for beginners and sensitive skin. Provides gentle exfoliation with consistent use over 4–8 weeks.
- 12% Glycolic Acid — Suitable for those with experience using AHAs. Delivers faster, more visible results on stubborn pigmentation and melasma.
Our High Potency 6% Glycolic Acid Cream with 2% Kojic Acid is a great starting point — it pairs glycolic acid with kojic acid for a dual-action brightening effect. For those ready to step up, the 12% Glycolic Acid Cream Gel (bundled with SPF 50 sunscreen) targets deeper pigmentation and melasma.
How to Use Glycolic Acid Safely
- Start slow — Apply every alternate night for the first 2 weeks before moving to nightly use.
- Always use SPF in the morning — AHAs increase photosensitivity. Skipping sunscreen will worsen dark spots, not improve them.
- Avoid mixing with retinol or other AHAs/BHAs on the same night until your skin has built tolerance.
- Patch test first — Apply a small amount on your inner arm for 24 hours before full-face use.
What Results Can You Expect?
With consistent use (nightly or every other night), most people notice:
- Smoother skin texture within 2–3 weeks
- Visible lightening of dark spots within 4–6 weeks
- Significant improvement in overall skin tone within 8–12 weeks
Patience is key. Glycolic acid works with your skin's natural cycle — and that cycle takes time.
The Bottom Line
Glycolic acid is not a quick fix, but it is one of the most effective, science-backed tools for fading dark spots. Used consistently with SPF, it can deliver a noticeably brighter, more even complexion over time.
Ready to start? Explore our Glycolic Acid + Kojic Acid Cream — formulated for all skin types, including sensitive skin.